Trademark Act in India free essay sample

A reference to products will infer benefits likewise, except if the setting denies it. Exchange Marks are at the focal point of worldwide business today. They are the significant wellspring of item separation and non-value rivalry in an advanced, advertise driven economy. Buyers come to relate certain incentive as far as execution, strength, cost, after-deals administration and so forth in the products sold under explicit brands, which might be among the best resources of the endeavor. In the language of the law, brand names are known as exchange marks. A few items, of a similar classification or of various classes, can be promoted under one brand name. As of late, non-visual signs have made a solid case for acknowledgment as exchange marks. Smell and sound signs fall under such classification however they are not yet perceived in India. A few telecom associations and film makers have explicit mark tunes to recognize their projects. The idea of distinguishing the wellspring of assembling by an imprint is an antiquated one. We will compose a custom article test on Trademark Act in India or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Marks of experts have been discovered engraved on products sent to Iran from India somewhere in the range of 3000 years prior! Be that as it may, exchange mark picked up significance after the modern transformation when huge scope creation and istribution of merchandise everywhere throughout the world got conceivable and exposure through print and broad media got essential. The utilization of present day exchange mark as a particular sign to show the root or wellspring of the item, conveying with it a relationship of high caliber, returns to the eighteenth century England, as on account of cutlery exchange. The genuine lift to exchange mark accompanied Unilever. It advertised its cleanser under the brand Sunlight, accentuating not the item all things considered but rather the splendor that its utilization will carry to the dresses cleaned with it. The closeness of the items in a similar market has required the checking of merchandise by an image, which could recognize one’s items from comparable products made by others. Exchange Marks assume an exceptionally intricate job in advertise driven economies, working with regards to quick combination of world economy. Through ad and different techniques, enormous pieces of the overall industry are caught by a couple of brands prompting convergence of market power in a couple of hands. On the off chance that care isn't worked out, a creating nation may end up overwhelmed with outside brands, unaccompanied by any progression of innovation and 97 Awareness Course on Intellectual Property Rights uilding up of national capacities. Obviously, indigenous brands are presented to serious and inconsistent rivalry in which they need to substantiate themselves. In 1940 the then British Government of India passed the Trade Marks Act for uniform and methodical enlistment of exchange marks I ndia, which came into power on June 1, 1942. The Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958, which became effective from November 25, 1959, supplanted it. It got important to impact changes in the exchange mark law as India joined WTO as a unique part in 1995 and it was required to acquire the Indian law consonance with TRIPS. Consequently new Trade Mark Act, 1999, canceled the old Act. The Act of 1999 makes significant takeoffs from the Act of 1958 out of two significant regards: †¢ Shape of products is perceived as an exchange imprint; and Trade Marks are presently allowed for administrations likewise, other than merchandise. Merchandise is characterized as anything which is the subject of exchange or production. Administration implies administration of any portrayal offered to clients. Banking, account, protection, transport, vitality flexibly, development, inns, diversion, data and broadcasting and so forth are on the whole instances of territories where administrations are offered regarding business, industry or trade. Meaning of administration is intended to be all subsuming. The Registration of Trade Marks is done in Mumbai where the Trade Marks Registry is arranged. There are branch workplaces of the Registry at Calcutta, Delhi and Chennai with discrete purviews. Goals After contemplating this unit, you ought to have the option to: †¢ clarify the importance of exchange mark; comprehend the way of thinking of exchange mark; recognize what sort of exchange imprints can be enrolled and what can't be; clarify the technique for enlistment of exchange imprint; and feature the trademark highlights of Indian Trade Mark Law. . 2 WHAT IS A TRADE MARK? An exchange mark, as at present perceived in India, is a visual image (as a word, a name, a gadget, an image, or a name) which recognizes any shippers or makers products or benefits and recognizes them from comparative merchandise or administrations of rivals in the exchange. It might incorporate state of products, their bundling and mix of hues. The Ac t makes a qualification between an exchange mark and a notable exchange mark. On the off chance that a generous fragment of open partners an exchange mark with a specific class of merchandise and ventures, and if this exchange mark is utilized for different products or administrations, and the general population is slanted to relate the new merchandise/administrations with the previous merchandise/administrations, at that point the imprint is a notable exchange mark. In the event that the owner of an exchange mark is a relationship of people, who don't make an association inside the importance of the Indian Partnership Act, 1932, the exchange mark is known as an aggregate imprint. An uncommon class of exchange marks is named as accreditation exchange marks. These exchange marks don't demonstrate the inception of the merchandise, however are guaranteed by the owner of the imprint as adjusting to specific attributes, similar to quality, fixings, topographical beginning and so on. Agmark utilized for food things in India is an accreditation mark. 98 An exchange mark is a sign utilized on, or regarding the showcasing of merchandise. Saying that the sign is utilized on the merchandise implies that it might show up on the products themselves as well as on the holder or covering of the products. Saying that the sign is utilized regarding the showcasing of the merchandise alludes for the most part to the presence of the sign in commercials (in paper, on TV, and so on ) or in the windows of the shops where the products are sold. Where an exchange mark is utilized regarding administrations, it might be called administration mark, e. g. administration marks utilized by inns, cafés, carriers, visitor organizations. The value of an exchange imprint may add up to tremendous aggregates. As indicated by Business Week/Interbrand’s Annual Ranking of the 100 Best Global Brands, 2003, the estimation of the brand name Coca-Cola is assessed to be $70 billion and that of Nescafe $12 billion! An individual who sells his item under a specific exchange mark procures a restrictive right to the utilization of the imprint comparable to those products. Such a privilege can be enrolled under the new Trade Mark Act 1999, which canceled the Trade Mark and Merchandise Marks Act 1958. An enrolled exchange imprint can be ensured against unapproved use by others by an activity for encroachment. An unregistered exchange imprint can likewise be secured against unapproved use by others by an activity of going off.

Best Dining Experience Essay

In spite of the fact that my preferred Mexican food to eat here is from my grandmother’s kitchen; there are a couple of cafés my companions and I appreciate eating at. A couple of my sweethearts and I have made Margarita Wednesdays a convention in the late spring at La Casa. My sibling, sister and I go to Los Cabos at any rate once every month in West Des Moines, which is an astonishing delightful Mexican café. I additionally like Monterrey in Altoona on the grounds that it’s so near my home, yet no café can contrast with Tiki Tok in Mexico. My closest companion and I were feeling unconstrained so we took seven days off work and went on a journey. We both thought that it was hard to eat on the boat since we were persistently getting ocean wiped out. I’ll always remember the fishy, chewy, and crunchy taste of the little shrimp and mixed drink sauce going down my throat, or the unsavory inclination I had when it was coming up. The main terrible memory of my outing was supplicating that my legs would quit shaking and that my excursion would ideally arrive at an end so I could remain on strong ground. Other than being ocean wiped out for the principal day; I had a ton of fun on the voyage! I got the chance to see numerous things and visit many spots. One of the ports of call was Cozumel, Mexico, and my companion Alexandra and I chose we needed to attempt some genuine Mexican food. Obviously, we were somewhat worried about becoming ill, however I’m happy to state that didn’t occur. We asked on the boat where the best spot for Mexican food was, however they said that anyplace along the fundamental shopping strip would be acceptable. We at that point found a spot called the Tiki Tok. The spot was on the second degree of a structure. We sat out on the little gallery that they had. They had secured it with sand. The view from the café was astonishing. I was spellbound by the lively hues and the employees’ of the eateries similarly energetic ways of life. I felt desirous of the laborers since they would get the opportunity to return to Tiki Tok tomorrow and the day from that point forward, however I wouldn’t. The dividers were a blast of beautiful materials and each shade of paint one could think about that was as intense as anyone might imagine. Containers were on each table with consumed orange and profound yellow dried peppers inside. The seats at the feasting tables were made of a Mexican Serape material. The hues, the periphery, and its vibe gave the eatery even a more grounded Mexican vitality. My preferred piece of the eateries stylistic theme was the little desert flora lights that hung among all the dividers interfacing every bulb to the fashioned iron ceiling fixture in the room. At the point when one first enters the café the Mariachi band is one of the most recognizable highlights. Three men were wearing dark with button up shirts and enlivening sombreros all remaining toward the side of the room. Two men had violins and the third was taking care of a guitar. As we sat down the band began playing energetic music and a couple of more seasoned couples got up and moved boldly. Everything in the eatery was intense barring my modest character; else I would have moved as well. I was in a stupor watching the individuals hit the dance floor with each other until the Mariachi band yelled in a state of harmony, â€Å"AY! † making me be taken back to the present. It was then that I had acknowledged how hungry I was. The menu costs were in pesos, so it seemed as though everything was extremely costly, yet it wasn’t. We requested the hot and zesty red enchiladas which were around 60 pesos, and they likewise brought us chips and salsa. The chips were somewhat thicker than you would arrive in the US, and there were three distinct sorts of salsas. There was a normal pico de gallo, at that point there was one made with tomatillos, and the latter was a pineapple cilantro salsa that was quite classy. Lexi and I have never had pineapple cilantro salsa, so we weren’t sure whether it would have been tempting or not. In the wake of stuffing myself with chips our food at last showed up. It was just about the yummiest thing I’ve ever had. The red sauce for the enchiladas was somewhat not the same as what I’ve had here, however I can’t disclose to you how. It was progressively delectable over yonder however. There was chicken inside the enchiladas and a dash of sharp cream on top. We took the additional salsa we hadn’t annihilated with the chips and covered our enchiladas with it. I ate each and every chomp of it and was so full a short time later! The astonishing food I had in Mexico was the best Mexican food I have ever had. I recall the smell of the sea and sweet salsa simultaneously. The brilliant hued sombreros and the sea front view was a stunning sight to see while getting a charge out of the food too. Whenever I consider Mexico I consider the short sea shore seats, sand between my toes, all the scents of the eatery, snickering with my closest companion and flavorful enchiladas. This will be a memory that would be hard to overlook since we took such a large number of photos of the eatery and it was the best eating experience I’ve had at this point. I’m extremely happy that my companion and I had the option to have this eating experience together. Alexandra and I appreciated it without question!

Stages of PTSD Coping With a Slip in Recovery

Stages of PTSD â€" Coping With a Slip in Recovery PTSD Coping Print Stages of PTSD â€" Coping With a Slip in Recovery You Can Bounce Back After Returning to Unhealthy Habits By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on October 01, 2018 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Kevork Djansezian/Staff/Getty Images One of the common stages of PTSD  is a slip in recovery. Recovering from PTSD can often be a long journey â€" so dont judge yourself too harshly if youve slipped. Instead, learn how to get back on track. What Happens When People With PTSD Have a Slip in Recovery? People who have a diagnosis of PTSD are at greater risk of engaging in a number of unhealthy behaviors in an attempt to cope with their emotional pain. These can include: alcohol and drug abuseeating disorder behavior (for example, binge eating)deliberate self-harm These behaviors are not easy to stop because they often serve a very important purpose for a person with PTSD. In the short-term, they may help a person escape the frequent, intense and unpleasant thoughts and emotions that occur with PTSD. Even with the best intentions and coping skills, a person recovering from PTSD may find that under periods of high stress they may slip and start engaging in one of these behaviors again. Again, slipping back into these behaviors is a common stage of PTSD. All is not lost! There are ways of coping with a slip so that you can quickly get back on your road to recovery. How You Can Stop the Behavior   Obviously, this is the most important step - and the hardest. Its incredibly important to do whatever you can to stop the unhealthy behavior as soon as you catch yourself doing it. This is because it can be very easy to fall back into old patterns of behavior, and the more that you engage in that behavior, the stronger that habit is going to become. Here are strategies that work: View it as a slip, not a failure. One way that might make it easier to stop the behavior is by viewing it as only a slip or a temporary misstep and not an indication of failure or a sign that there is no hope for recovery. During recovery, its common for people to set hard and fast rules for themselves, such as I will never have another drink again. This may be a great goal. However, it may not always be realistic, especially for the person who is in the early stages of recovery from PTSD.  When you set black-and-white rules for yourself, youre more likely to beat yourself up about a slip, and this is probably only going to motivate the very behavior you are trying to stop. As a result, you may lose control over the behavior and fall farther and farther off track.Avoid your triggers. If youre in a situation that is promoting your unhealthy behavior (for example, youre in a bar while youre trying to stop drinking), get out of that situation as soon as you can. It will be very importan t to remove yourself from any triggers or cues for that behavior (or the emotions that contribute to that behavior) that are in your environment.Put into action a healthy coping strategy. For example, seek out social support or use distraction. Try some self-soothing exercises or mindfulness. These may be very hard to do during a crisis situation, and you may not feel as though theyre working that well. However, it is very important to keep using those healthy coping strategies. The more you do, the more distance you will put between yourself and your unhealthy behavior. Learning From Your Experience A slip can provide you with incredibly important information that can serve you well in the future. When you slip, conduct a chain analysis. Ask yourself: What were the factors that led to that behavior? How did I get put into a high-risk situation? Conducting a chain analysis for the unhealthy behavior may help you identify seemingly irrelevant decisions. Seemingly irrelevant decisions are decisions or choices we make that, on the surface, may appear unimportant or insignificant. We may also ignore, deny or explain away the importance of them. But in actuality, they move you farther down the road to a slip. For example, for a person who is trying to stop engaging in deliberate self-harm, a seemingly irrelevant decision might be keeping items around that were once used to self-harm. Recognizing seemingly irrelevant decisions, as well as other factors or situations that put you at risk for your unhealthy behavior, will help you prepare for future high-risk situations. You can now ask yourself: What could I have done differently? How early could I have intervened to reduce my risk for engaging in the behavior? Practice Self-Compassion Changing unhealthy behaviors is not an easy thing to do, especially when you may also be struggling with symptoms of PTSD. Because of this, treat yourself with understanding and self-compassion if you slip. Use the misstep as an opportunity to further build and strengthen your coping repertoire. Doing this can help you get back on track and move you down the road to recovery. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Racial Inequality African Man And The Man Who Spoke Out...

What is racism? According to the Oxford Dictionary, racism is â€Å"The belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races†. Racism is an inequality dealt with throughout the world that still exists even to this day. Another thread tied to racism is defined by Your Dictionary as, â€Å"Racial inequality is a disparity in opportunity and treatment that occurs as a result of someone s race†. There are several occasions in which racial inequality has been involved in, such as the Holocaust, the Stolen Generation, countless Genocides, slavery in America and much more. In this essay I will discuss the racial injustice in South Africa and the man who spoke out against it. For centuries in South Africa before a man named Nelson Mandela came along, racial inequality was a common injustice. With Mandela’s huge concern to fight for the rights he believed every race deserved, his goal to make racial justice a reality in his country came true. Nelson Mandela was in line to become a tribal leader within the Thembu Dynasty of South Africa to continue the legacy of his ancestors that preceded him, but he didn’t follow that path. Instead, when placed into an arranged marriage by the tribal chief that took him in like his own son, he hadn’t wanted to marry, and left to find work elsewhere. Even though the ratio of non-whites to white in South Africa was 80% to 20%, theShow MoreRelatedRacial Inequality During The Civil War1742 Words   |  7 Pagescyclical and chronological history, the history of racial inequality in sports did as well. The chronological history of racial inequality in sports involved a slow progression from minorities being viewed as racially inferior to minorities being viewed as equals and in some cases even superior in some sports. The cyclical history of racial inequality involves processes of segregating and disbarring minorities to integrating teams and then back to inequality in opportun ities for minorities in sports. ThisRead MoreRacial Inequality : Not Much Has Changed1403 Words   |  6 PagesRacial Inequality in America; Not Much Has Changed There are approximately 7 billion people in this world. Each person has a unique combination of traits such as skin tone, face shape, body type, eye color, hair color, and other characteristics. These traits vary due to genetics, environmental factors, and much more. An individual s race is defined by their physical characteristics and how they differ among others. Race is not defined by the way an individual behaves or portrays themselfes; itRead MoreThe Slavery Of African Americans1695 Words   |  7 PagesUnfortunately, inequality has not completely ceased to exist in the United States of America. As a country, we have had a long history of injustice among our people. From the enslavement of African Americans, to the mistreatment of Native Americans on the Trail of Tears, and the subtle and sometimes overt discrimination oppressing American women today, there has been a long and continuing history of discrimination and unfair action against our fellow citizens. It would be decei tful for us to thinkRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Civil Rights Address1032 Words   |  5 PagesKennedy was the 35th president of the United States. He was in office from January 20, 1 to November 22, 1963. When he was assassinated. He fought for protecting the rights of all who wish to be free. Kennedy gave a speech called â€Å"Civil Rights Address† in June of 1963. He Spoke about dealing with equal opportunity and inequality in the United states calling it a moral crisis. Kennedy states, â€Å"I am, therefore, asking the Congress to enact legislation giving all Americans the right to be served in facilitiesRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The Black Community1352 Words   |  6 PagesRacial discrimination is demonstrated in many different ways in every part and corner of each country. Some ask, what is racial discrimination and how does it affect early and today’s society? Racial discrimination occurs when a person is treated unfairly and differently than others beca use of their skin tone, ethnicity, and nationality. It’s been an issue for more than a hundred years. Being against people that were a different skin tone led to segregation and slavery in the early times. SlaveryRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagesthe free† hasn’t always been the case for African-Americans. But fortunately, America is â€Å"the home of the brave† and through trials and tribulations they were able to achieve equality. Dating back to 1619 the first African-Americans were sold into slavery at Jamestown. Being a slave meant you were a human being owned by another and as slaves they were deprived of most of their rights as an American and were treated as a peace of property. Many more African-Americans were brought to America to supplyRead MoreNo Officer, I m Not A Criminal?1415 Words   |  6 Pagestalk, dress, or act. Humans are judgmental people who look for the faults in another. Race is one of these faults, and is a huge cause in civil rights violation. The dictionary defines racial profiling as, â€Å"the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offense†. However, in reality, racial profiling is violating the civil rights of minorities and Muslims. According to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) â€Å"Racial profiling by law enforcement is commonly definedRead MoreRacism : Racism And Discrimination927 Words   |  4 Pagesthe root of racism and discrimination. But who is to say that racism is a term that is only associated with Blacks, African Americans, or those of African descent. Racism according to Merriam Webster dictionary is a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. Even though it is a term that may be applied to the lack of respectful treatment against any race outside an individual’s own, itRead Mor eThe Civil Rights Movement in 20th Century America1738 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement Until the 1950s, African Americans had experienced discrimination in all aspects of their lives. They were no longer slave, but they were definitely not equal citizens. During the 1950s and 1960s, African Americans, along with a number of other racial groups, embarked on a campaign to change this situation. This campaign challenged discrimination and fought to achieve the objective of equality that the American constitution promised for its entire people. It composed aRead MoreRacism And Discriminatory Events Throughout History1537 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscriminatory events throughout history. The majority of these racial and discriminatory events are the basis of Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. The novel references Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, as well as the issues of racism and discrimination in that period of time. To begin, the first topics inspired by real life events in the novel were the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow was a set of laws that aimed to discriminate against African Americans in every aspect of life. First, white people believed

Schizophrenia And The World Health Organization Essay

Schizophrenia is perhaps the least understood and most frightening of the mental disorders. One percent of the world population is affected by it and the World Health Organisation has ranked it as the seventh greatest cause of disability worldwide (Frangou, 2008). On average it takes one to one and half decades off the sufferers life and is a greater cause of mortality than many cancers and physical illnesses (van Os Kapur, 2009). This paper will present an out of hospital case study and compare both its presentation and management with what is known about schizophrenia and what is considered best practise management. One morning we were called priority one to a â€Å"difficulty breathing†. On arrival, the patient was standing at the side of the road fully conscious and alert. On examination, there were no abnormalities with her primary survey and we ushered her into the ambulance for further examination and to gain a history. The patient’s stated complaint was the she could not breathe because her head had been cut off. She was calm and appeared to have blunted or flat affect as her demeanour did not match the seriousness of her complaint. Her appearance was unkempt and her thinking was erratic with the somatic hallucination that her head was removed. She also had a loose grip on the passage of time which was marked by her claim that she became pregnant every couple of months. Most of her speech made little sense and it was difficult to gain a full history. All of herShow MoreRelatedBiography Of John Hinckley Jr.1626 Words   |  7 Pagesdefense in Hinckley’s trial and found that Hinckley had undiagnosed schizophrenia (â€Å"The shooting of Ronald Reagan†, 2007). John Hinckley Jr. resides at St. Elizabeth’s hospital in Washington, D.C. where he can receive psychiatric help and continue on his road to recovery (Linder, 2015, â€Å"The Trial of John Hinckley Jr.†). John Hinckley Jr. did present with warning signs of depression. He also suffers and is diagnosed with schizophrenia, depression, schizotypal personality disorder, borderline personalityRead MoreSchizophrenia Vs. Bipolar Disorder972 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia vs. Bipolar Disorder By Jenita Johnson October 29, 2015 Schizophrenia vs. Bipolar Disorder There are many mental illnesses that are diagnosed and common amongst adults and children today. The two most common mental illnesses are schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These illnesses are considered the two most functional psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia is a chronic condition with an increase in severity of its symptoms but always has some background to its symptoms. Bipolar disorderRead MoreThe Effects Of Nonpharmacological Interventions On The Population Of Adults With Schizophrenia Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pages Adults with Schizophrenia: Impacts of Nonpharmacological Interventions Despite the advances of antipsychotic medications, schizophrenia is a leading cause of global disability associated with high rates of hospitalizations, depression, and suicide attempts (Statistics Canada, 2015, para. 5). According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (2016), â€Å"schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves† (para. 1). AdditionallyRead MoreEssay On Diabetes1088 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is known to be linked with a reduced life expectancy of up to 30 years. This remains largely due to physical health disorders such as heart attack or stroke, for which type 2 diabetes is a major risk factor. People with chronic schizophrenia remain three times more probable than the general population to develop diabetes, something which has previously been credited to poor diet and exercise habits in this group, as well as the use of antipsychotic medication. Published in JAMA PsychiatryRead MoreCoping In Mental Health885 Words   |  4 PagesWorking in the field of mental health, I have come to realize that mental and behavioral illness is common and almost everyone is affected in the United States. Caregivers offer service to people who are not capable of performing or going through their daily routines or activities because of their physical disabilities or an illness (Gouin, Estrela, Desmarais, Barker, 2016). A coping system for dealing with mentally ill patients vary from one family to another for different of reasons. There haveRead MoreOne Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest 1245 Words   |  5 Pagestall, Native American, Chief Bromden, trapped in the Oregon psychiatric ward, suffers from the psychological condition of paranoid schizophrenia. This fictional character in Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest struggles with extreme mental illness, but he also falls victim to the choking grasp of society, which worsens Bromden’s condition. Paranoid schizophrenia is a rare mental illness that leads to heavy delusions and hallucinations among other, less serious, symptoms. Through the love andRead MoreCultural Values, Traditions, And Perceptions Affect Treatment1418 Words   |  6 PagesFor my ethnographic project, I wanted to understand more about modern culture and psychiatry in America and I thought comparing outcomes in America and other countries was the best way to go about this. I chose to focus on schizophrenia because of the amount of information available, and the neurol ogical components that seem to make it a mental disorder which is found equally among all populations. Originally, I wanted to answer questions about how cultural values, traditions, and perceptions affectRead MoreMental Health Of Individuals Living With Schizophrenia1399 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction The mental health of individuals living with schizophrenia not only depends on the severity of their mental illness, it also depends on their inclusion within their community (Michael, 2012). Despite recent advances and treatment, individuals suffering from schizophrenia encounter a considerable stigma that creates barriers to them receiving adequate treatment which in turn hinders their full integration into society (Morgan, 2003). The conceptualization of stigma was explored (GoffmanRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Public Perception Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesillness. When it comes to people suffering with mental health, doctors, schools, and everything in between seem to have either a positive or negative outlook on the subject. The stereotypes and misinformation of mental illnesses can lead to a delay in seeking medical help. The media’s influence on public perception and the degree to which people are exposed to media representations makes the mass media one of the most popular influence around the world. Mass media is a very practical source of informationRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1343 Words   |  6 Pages What is Schizophrenia? Experts agree that it is a syndrome (signs and symptoms that are thought to co-occur in ways that distinguish it from other syndromes and from normal thoughts and behaviors). Schizophrenia is also defined as a psychotic disorder with, impairments in reality, disturbances of perception and thought experienced as hallucinations, delusions, hearing voices, seeing things that are not there, and paranoia. Its onset usually starts in a person’s late teens to early twenties

Facebook, Strategic Management Analysis Free Essays

string(117) " and have left the nest have increased so Facebook could provide the type of interaction some of these seniors need\." An environmental scanning refers to the process that systematically uses information about trends, patterns and relationships within an organization’s internal and external environment to determine the future direction of the organization. Through an understanding of the nature and speed of changes in that particular environment, an environmental scan is likely to help identify possible ventures, challenges, and developments that are important to the organization. An organization that could benefit tremendously from strategic planning and especially environmental scanning is Facebook. We will write a custom essay sample on Facebook, Strategic Management Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Facebook is a social network organization that is considered the largest online network in the world (Piskorski, Eisenmann, and Smith, 2013). According to these researchers Facebook reported $1 billion profit in revenue, with 85% of this revenue coming from advertising. However since we are living in an era where technology is constantly upgrading and competition is fierce, it is vital that the managers of Facebook stay abreast of the competition by conducting environmental scanning to determine the trend and weaknesses of the organization to prevent strategic surprises. As competition increases in a particular industry, changes become swifter in the external environment; consequently, information from the external environment contributes important elements to the effectiveness of the long-term plans. In an external analysis of Facebook, three correlated environments are relevant: Natural Physical Environment According to Wheelen and Hunger (2012) the natural environment includes physical resources, wildlife, and climate that are a fundamental part of life on earth. It is obvious that in recent years the regularity and severity of storms, tornados, hurricanes, and other extreme weather events have increased in the United States and worldwide, and this trend is likely to continue. Pine (2011) informed us that increase in natural hazards and the rising of sea-level are expected along the coastal areas, therefore it is necessary to understand the nature of coastal natural, social, and economic environments and their interactions in guaranteeing a sustainable future. In the case of Facebook, extreme weather events could result in loss of Internet service, breakdown in telecommunication infrastructure, lifestyle changes, and regional shift in population. Although the loss of Internet service and breakdown in telecommunication infrastructure due to inclement weather may be perceived as threats to the organization; lifestyle changes and regional shift in population may reveal opportunities for Facebook. A scan of the external environment may lead to the creating of more modern system that is in-tune with the needs of the population. With the movement of people, Facebook media may be used to locate missing relatives and friends. A shift in population could result in an increase in the younger more tech-savy generation who view Facebook as a way of keeping in touch with others. Since mobile phone reception system may experience overcrowding during this time, Facebook could capitalize on this situation to use its â€Å"friends and family† network to keep others informed of storms and inclement weather events. Through an environmental scan, the managers may realize that planning is needed to extend their network to accommodate the movement of the population. A scan may also reveal weaknesses in infrastructure that could be modified ahead of weather-related crises to minimize the length of time consumers are out of service where weather situations are predicted but cannot be prevented. Although these factors may present threats to the stability of the organization, there are areas that may be presented as opportunities. Societal Environment The societal environment according to Wheelen and Hunger (2012) is the social system of human that makes up those general forces that do not directly affect the short-term activities of the organization, but can, and frequently do influence its long-term decision. Wheelen et al. (2012) mentioned that the number of possible strategic factors is very high because each country can be represented by its own exclusive sets of societal forces. Some well-known strategic forces includes: economic forces, sociocultural forces, and political-legal forces. 1 The Economic Forces. The Economic Forces of the environment alludes to the combination of economic systems of the country, the structural framework of economic policies of the government and the organization of the capital market, the type of endowment, business cycles, and the socio-economic infrastructure of the organization. A drift in the economic area can have effect on social media like Facebook. For example, in 2011 Facebook reported $1 billion profit with 85% coming from advertisement. A weak economy will lead to less sales and subsequently advertising. Equally, a drop in interest rate will mean sales of electronic products and services. The economic development of countries like Brazil, Russia, India, and China is having huge effect on the rest of the world, especially in areas of computer software and telecommunications. An increase in income will also likely to lead to an increase in spending for electronic products and investments in social media services. These factors should present opportunities for Facebook. 2 Sociocultural Forces Sociocultural forces encompass a number of variables such as demographic trends. In the United States, the demographic bulge known as the â€Å"baby boomers† has affected the demands of the market in many industries. This group of people according to Wheelen et al. is now in their 50s and 60s but is the largest group in all developed countries. Wheelen et al. contended that sociological variables such as customs and conventions, cost, cultural heritage, and movement of labor have severe effects on the business. The nature of goods and services is determined by the demand of the people which in turn affect the way the business operates. In the case of Facebook, several transformations are needed to attract the baby boomers who are the largest users of advertisements on the web. Since senior are normally worried about their privacy and security, it is important that Facebook institute an environmental scan that ensure the preservation of privacy of senior Facebook page, the failure of which would be a severe threat to the stability of the company. The desire for companionship with baby boomers whose children have already grown and have left the nest have increased so Facebook could provide the type of interaction some of these seniors need. You read "Facebook, Strategic Management Analysis" in category "Papers" However, there is the need to make the sire more attractive and senior-friendly by step-by-step tutorial for setting up a page and navigating the network. In addition, remembering passwords have become a tremendous burden for some members of the baby boom generation. In order to continue a viable operation, Facebook should institute a system that helps baby boomers to log on to their page by correctly answering a series of questions. This system would present opportunities for the company. 3 Political-Legal Forces According to Wheelen et al. (2012) the political-legal forces are the forces that distribute power and provide constraining and protecting laws and regulations. It may also include the decision made by the courts. The political environment of a country is swayed by the philosophy of political parties, ideology of government or the ruling party; stability of the political system, foreign policy, Defense and military policy, and the image the country and its leaders project outside the country. Some of the more well-known political-legal variables include, antitrust regulation, environmental protection laws, immigration laws, tax laws, Foreign sweat shops, foreign trade regulation and stability of the government. Trends in the political-legal area have important business repercussions, not only on the level of competition within the industry but also on which strategies might be successful. Many business leaders think that there are too much stringent regulations governing businesses in order to conform to society’s environmental concerns. On the other hand, many businesses would like to see more aggressive approach to enforcing anti-trust laws. A number of research and environmental scanning has been done by Facebook to explore the dynamics of its network. An online article by Weigel (2012) described Facebook as a vehicle for organizing and expressing dissent, and one that has been proven to be an effective tool in many protests, causes, uprisings, and conflicts, but they also lead to the possibility of monitoring by the government and exposing activists to surveillance and punishment. According to Streitfeld and Hardy (2013) the Internet was established as a tool of liberation and knowledge but recently a bleak vision emerged when it was revealed that the United States government is using it as a monitoring and tracking device. In addition, threats by Federal Reserve Commission to impose greater supervision on how personal data was being used online resulted in the formation in 1998 of the Online Privacy Alliance (Streitfeld Hardy). However, except for this factor, political technology have very little impact on the stability of Facebook. 4 Technological Forces Technological forces are described by Wheelen et al. as those forces that generate problem-solving inventions. Changes in technology can also have tremendous impact on businesses since they all depend on technology to operate. Technological environment affects the business in relations to investment in technology, regular application of technology and the effects of technology on markets. Technology is constantly providing new method for communication; therefore the use of technology in our lives is always expanding. Facebook is at the center of technology advancement because as technology advanced so will the methods we use for communicating. The birth of Facebook brought in another era of communication in our lives, and it is obvious that the society will continue to develop new ways to pass on messages to each other. Facebook’s $1 billion profit in 2011 is an indication that technology will continue to advance; therefore this advancement in technology presents opportunities for the organization. The Task (Industry) Environment The task environment according to Wheelen et al. (2012) includes those elements or groups that directly affect a corporation and, consequently are affected by it; these include governments, local communities, suppliers, competitors, customers, creditors, employees/labor unions, special interest groups, and trade associations. In doing an external environmental scan the business manager must assess various industry forces. Wheelen et al. used the Porter’s 5-Forces model to illustrate the forces that make up the Industry environment. The Porter’s 5-forces model is a tool used by corporations to provide an analysis of their competition and to help determine strategy. This five-forces model examines the strength of five specific competitive forces which work together to determine long-term profit and competition within an industry. However, Wheelen et al. (2012) mentioned that a sixth forces has been added to reflect the power of other groups, and the government over the activities of industries. In a scan of an industry, a corporation must examine the importance of each of the six forces to the success of the company: threat of new entrants, rivalry among existing firms, threat of substitute products or services, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, and bargaining power of other stakeholders. 1. Threat of New Entrants It is clear that new entrant to any industry bring new capacity, competition, and aspiration to gain a position of status in that industry. Therefore new entrants are threats to organizations that are already in the industry. A new entrant to an industry is able to learn from the mistakes of his competitors and improve upon these weaknesses. In the case of Facebook, new entrants will always be considered a threat since technology by nature is subjected to metamorphosis. The position of Facebook in the industry is strong; therefore the barriers to new entrants are high based on the following: (a) Economies of scales: Even though the start-up cost incurred by Zuckerberg was small at the inception, a new entrant to the industry would not be able to enter the market on a small scale and compete against a company like Facebook, and if they enter on a large scale, there is the possibility of reaction from Facebook who would be better equipped to contend against competitors in the industry. This prevents new companies from breaking into this industry quickly. In addition, the investment of large capital presents a significant amount of risk to a new company. (b) Switching cost: Facebook is an established organization, individual have spent a significant amount of time learning to use this network, so they would be somewhat reluctant to change for another media. (c) Government policy: There are already privacy issues arising from the use of social media so the government may be reluctant to give license to another such organization. (d) Access to distribution channels: A new entrant would have to establish its distribution channel in an industry that is already captured by Facebook. According to Piskorski, Eisenmann, and Smith (2013) 85% of Facebook’s revenue came from advertising. (e) Cost disadvantages independent of size: Facebook is already established in the industry, they have access to the expertise, technology, notoriety, and government approval to keep the organization functioning. (f) Product differentiation: Facebook is well-known, and this medium has a strong customer support. In October 2012 Facebook registered its billionth user, becoming the largest online social network in the world (Piskorski, Eisenmann, and Smith, 2013). Recently, the acquisition of Instagram has solidified Facebook in the industry. Essentially, with this force it is not easy for an organization to enter the industry. 2. Threat of Substitute Products or Services Substitute products naturally present competition in the industry because as more substitutes come on the market the demand becomes more flexible since customers have more alternative. In the case of social networking medium, MySpace has been able continue operation as a type of social networking medium but has not been have to hold a position of dominance in the social networking media because Facebook is more advanced and provides more options. Therefore, this substitute does not present a threat to Facebook. According to Piskorski, Eisenmann, and Smith (2013) LinkedIn has become the leader in professional networking; again this is a professional site and not a social networking site, and the site has not been used as a substitute for Facebook. The threat from substitute services is low in this case. 3. Rivalry Among Existing Firms Competition is likely to be high if entry to the industry is easy. Since entry to the social networking industry presents many barriers, it is unlikely that there will be much rivalry in this industry. However, Piskorski, Eisenmann, and Smith (2013) contended that Twitter and Google came into existence as rivals to Facebook although they have not been able to maintain any position of dominance since Facebook has been able to present more features than the other, thus there is a large differentiation between Facebook and its competitors, their strategies are different, and the rate of growth is vastly dissimilar since Facebook has been able to maintain its market position, and has potential for greater gain than its competitors. The strength of this force is also low. 4. Bargaining Power of Buyers In the social networking industry the bargaining power of buyers is important because if users are not inspired they will lose interest. Facebook has ensured the stability of its position in the industry by creating innovative and stimulating programs to keep users enthused. However, there is a vast difference in the service provided by Facebook and its competitors, so substitution is not easily found. This force does not present a threat to Facebook. 5. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers can influence an industry significantly as they determine price increases. In the case of Facebook, its suppliers include advertisers, game developers like Zynga, Spotify, Netflix, Hulu and the networks it uses to deliver its services. However, since these products are important to the maintenance of Facebook in the position of dominance in the industry, as they offer diversity to a site that could otherwise have been uninter esting. The bargaining power of suppliers in this case is medium. How to cite Facebook, Strategic Management Analysis, Papers

The Plant Location Puzzle free essay sample

Ann felt that her strategy of keeping all the parts of the company in the same location, while unconventional, had contributed greatly to cooperation among various departments and, ultimately, to the company’s growth: EDC had become the largest and most profitable bicycle company in the United States. Yet her manufacturing vice president, Sean Andrews, was now urging her to build a plant in China. â€Å"Look at the number of companies here,† he had said that morning, as they helped several other EDC staffers stack brochures on the exhibit table and position the company’s latest models around the perimeter of their area. Manufacturing heads rarely attended trade shows; in fact, this was Sean’s first, but he had wanted to attend, and Ann had supported his interest. â€Å"There are too many players in this market,† he had said. â€Å"I’ve been saying this for two months now, and you know the forecasters’ numbers back me up. We will write a custom essay sample on The Plant Location Puzzle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But if they weren’t enough to convince you, just look around. The industry is reaching the saturation point here in the States. We have to break into Asia. † â€Å"Leave it alone, Sean,† Ann had replied. â€Å"I know this is something you’re pushing; you’ve said so in the past. But let’s set up a time to talk about it in detail later. This isn’t the time or the place. † Now, three hours later, with the show in full swing, Ann understood why Sean had been compelled to speak up again. Having all their competitors in the same room at the same time was a powerful visual reminder of how the industry had changed. She thought about what Sean had said about the U. S. market. In 1992, EDC’s sales and earnings had hit record levels. The company now produced almost 30% of the bicycles sold in the United States. But U. S. mass-market bicycle sales were growing by only 2% per year, while the Asian market for those same bikes was nearly doubling on an annual basis. And Eldora could not competitively serve those markets from its U. S. manufacturing facility. Two of the largest bike manufacturers in the world, located in rapidly growing Asian markets, enjoyed a significant labor and distribution cost advantage. She stopped at a mountain bike display set up by a fast-growing, young bike company. Mountain bikes with front suspension were the latest trend—the added support and cushion allowed riders to better absorb the shocks inherent in off-road riding without slowing down or losing balance. Most of these bikes were still prohibitively expensive. But Eldora, too, had an entry in this product category, retailing for about $190, and Ann was proud of it. For years, the company had concentrated its efforts on inexpensive bicycles, which retailed through mass merchandisers for between $100 and $200. Eldora’s prices were slightly higher than other low-end competitors’, but large retailers were willing to pay the premium because EDC had consistently been able to offer many state-of-the-art styles and features with quick, timely deliveries that competitors building overseas couldn’t match. One of the reasons the company had been so successful was that Boulder, Colorado, was a bicyclists’ mecca. Eldora employees at all levels shared a genuine love of bicycling and eagerly pursued knowledge of the industry’s latest trends and styles. Someone was always suggesting a better way to position the hand brakes, or a new toe grip that allowed for better traction and easier dismounts. And Eldora never had a shortage of people willing to test out the latest prototypes. Another reason was that all marketing staff, engineers, designers, and manufacturing personnel worked on one campus, within a 10-minute walk of one another. Ann had bet big on that strategy, and it had paid off. Communication was easy, and changes in styles, production plans, and the like could be made quickly and efficiently. Mountain bikes, for example, had gone from 0% to more than 50% of the market volume since 1988, and Eldora had met the increased demand with ease. And when orders for cross-bikes—a mountain/road bike hybrid that had enjoyed a spurt of popularity—began to fall off, Eldora had been able to adjust its production run with minimal disruption. EDC had also benefited from its foray into the high-end market (bicycles retailing for between $400 and $700) 12 years earlier. One of Ann’s first moves as CEO had been to enter into a joint venture with Rinaldi, a high-end Italian bicycle manufacturer that at the time was specializing in racing models. As part of the agreement, EDC had begun importing Rinaldi bikes under the brand name Summit and selling them through specialty bike dealers. Similarly, Rinaldi had begun marketing EDC bikes in Europe. That arrangement had had lasting rewards: although racing bikes were no longer very popular, EDC’s offerings had taken off. About 20% of EDC’s sales were now made outside the United States (primarily in Europe and Canada) through this and other agreements.

Capital Punishment Essays (2840 words) - Sentencing, Free Essays

Capital Punishment Essays (2840 words) - Sentencing, Free Essays Capital Punishment Putting to death people who have been judge to commit certain extremely heinous crimes is a practice of ancient standing. But in the United States, in the latter half of the twentieth century, it has become a very controversial issue. Changing views on this difficult issue led the Supreme Court to abolish capital punishment in 1972 but later turned to uphold it again in 1977, with certain conditions. Indeed, restoring capital punishment is the will of the people, yet many voices have been raised against it. Heated public debate has centered on questions of deterrence, public safety, sentencing equality, and the execution of innocents, among others. One argument states that the death penalty does not deter murder. Dismissing capital punishment on that basis would require us to eliminate all prisons as well because they do not seem to be any more effective in the deterrence of crime. Others say that states, which have the death penalty, have higher crime rates than those that do not. A nd that a more sever punishment only inspires more sever crimes. But every state in the union is different. These differences include population, the number of cities, and the crime rate. Urbanized states are more likely to have higher crime rates than states that are more rural. The states that have capital punishment have it because of their high crime rate, not the other way around. In 1985, a study was published by economist Stephen K. Layson, at the University of North Carolina, that showed that every execution of a murderer deters, on average of 18 murders. The study also showed that raising the number of death sentences by only one percent would prevent 105 murders. However, only 38 percent of all murder cases result in a death sentence, and of those, only 0.1 percent are actually executed. During the temporary suspension on capital punishment from 1972 - 1976, researchers gathered murder statistics across the country. Researcher Karl Spence of Texas A&M University came up wi th these statistics, in 1960, there were 56 executions in the United States and 9,140 murders. By 1964, when there were only 15 executions, the number of murders had risen to 9,250. In 1969, there were no executions and 14,590 murders, and 1975, after six years without executions, 20,510 murders occurred. So the number of murders grew as the number of executions shrank. Spence said: While some [death penalty] abolitionists try to face down the results of their disastrous experiment and still argue to the contrary, the...[data] concludes that a substantial deterrent effect has been observed...In six months, more Americans are murdered than have been killed by execution in this entire century...Until we begin to fight crime in earnest [by using the death penalty], every person who dies at a criminal's hands is a victim of our inaction. And in Texas, the highest murder rate in Houston (Harris County) occurred in 1981 with 701 murders. Since Texas reinstated the death penalty in 1982, H arris County has executed more murderers than any other city or state in the union and has seen the greatest reduction in murder from 701 in 1981 down to 261 in 1996 - a 63% reduction, representing a 270% differential. Also, in the 1920s and 30s, death penalty advocates were known to refer to England as a means of proving capital punishment's deterrent effect. Back then, at least 120 murderers were executed every year in the United States and sometimes the number reached 200. Even then, England used the death penalty far more consistently than we did and their overall murder rate was smaller than any one of our major cities at the time. Now, since England abolished capital punishment about released killers have murdered thirty years ago, the murder rate has subsequently doubled there and 75 English citizens. Abolitionists will claim that most studies show that the death penalty has no effect on the murder rate at all. But that's only because those studies have been focused on incons istent executions. Capital punishment, like all other applications, must be used consistently in the United States for decades, so abolitionists have been able to establish the delusion that it does not deter at all to rationalize their fallacious

Different Meanings of Hallmark

Different Meanings of Hallmark Different Meanings of Hallmark Different Meanings of Hallmark By Maeve Maddox Until recently, I attached only one figurative meaning to the word hallmark: A distinctive mark or token of genuineness, good breeding, or excellence. Here are some examples of the word used in the sense of a trait that denotes admirable excellence: The hallmark of a scholar is attention to detail. Indeed, if style, grace, intellect, and capacity for rebirth are the  hallmarks  of [a Renaissance woman], then Lois Wilson qualified in every sense. The  hallmark of an honest politician is  an innate understanding that their most sacred duty is to fulfill the responsibilities of their office.  Ã‚   Emotional intelligence is the hallmark of a good leader. Osbeck also noted a fourth writing trait- elegance- which he describes as the hallmark of great legal writing. Rereading, editing, and revising the initial draft into a good paper are the hallmarks of good writing. In each of these examples, the idea of excellence is implicit in the word hallmark. This connotation of excellence derives from the word’s literal meaning: â€Å"a mark or device placed or stamped upon an article of trade to indicate origin, purity, or genuineness.† The practice of placing marks of origin and authenticity on products made of gold or silver dates to the early Middle Ages. One such mark in England was a leopard’s head. In the 15th century, when a law required all goldsmiths to bring their wares to Goldsmiths’ Hall in London to be marked, the identifying device came to be known as a hallmark. Hallmark seems to have retained its connotation of quality and excellence until the 20th century. For example, the Hallmark Greeting Card Company was founded in 1910. Founder Joyce Clyde Hall felt that greeting cards â€Å"represented class.† Playing on the founder’s name and the goldsmith’s mark of excellence, the company adopted the name Hallmark in 1928. By midcentury, however, writers had begun using the word absent its connotation of worthiness: Do you know the hallmark of a second rater? It’s resentment of another man’s achievement.- Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged (1957). Writers familiar with the word’s positive associations continue to use it to denote excellence. For others, hallmark has devolved into a mere synonym for trait or â€Å"distinguishing characteristic†: Ruthlessness, deception and devious behavior is [sic] the hallmark of the successful politician. Expression of multiple horizontally acquired genes is  a hallmark of  both vertebrate and invertebrate genomes. A Hallmark of Alzheimer’s Can Show Up in Young People Too There’s even evidence that some speakers aren’t too sure that hallmark means trait: Many researchers have also theorized that a lack of self-awareness is  a hallmark  trait of narcissists. Writers who prefer to reserve hallmark to denote â€Å"proof of excellence,† may choose from the following list for words to convey the idea of trait or characteristic: attribute feature property aspect facet peculiarity Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names41 Words That Are Better Than Good40 Words Beginning with "Para-"

The concept of first mover advantage is widely used in gametheoretical Essay

The concept of first mover advantage is widely used in gametheoretical models and international trade theories. Discuss it in th - Essay Example A perfect example of first movers includes companies such as, Coca-cola and eBay, who were the first companies to enter their respective market. Where Coca-cola was first company to produce cola and made their products available to the public in 1886, eBay was the first company to introduce the auction process online in 1995. Both these companies have been a recurrent powerhouse in their respective industries ever since they were founded. It has been witnessed very often that first movers are generally pursued by competitors who try to capitalize on the original company’s success, brand value and recognition. They try and acquire the market that has already been penetrated by the first moving company (Poulsen, 2007). The competitors try and bring about certain modifications and improvements in their product line and make them available to the public in order to market their products, as being better than the products offered by the first moving company. However, by the time th e competitors lay their foundation in the already penetrated market, the first mover has already accumulated huge market share, customer loyalty, satisfaction and expertise in this particular field of work, which is required to stay at the pinnacle (Markides and Sosa, 2013). ... One of the crucial characteristics as far predicting the second mover’s reaction is concerned, is the second mover’s payoff function. First mover advantage is associated with pioneering products that benefit from advantages attained from a long-term market share. In addition to that, they also enjoy advantages in distribution of those products, the improved product-line, breadth, and quality (Chen and Pereira, 1999). First mover advantages are characterized by a pioneering firm’s ability to earn positive economic profits (profits in excess of the cost of capital). First mover advantages transpire endogenously within multi-stage process (Lieberman and Montgomery, 2002). The multi stage process is depicted in figure 1. The first stage involves the generation of an asymmetry that enables a particular company to gain competitive advantage over the rival companies. This opportunity to make the first move is a result of the firm’s possession of some unique infor mation sources or foresight or may be simply out of luck. Once this asymmetry is established, a firm may be able to exploit its advantageous position by following variety of mechanisms. These mechanisms thereby enhance the durability and magnitude of the first mover profits. Figure 1: Endogenous generation of first mover advantages (Source: Lieberman and Montgomery, 2002) Game theory Game theory is the process of modelling the strategic interaction between two or more players in a situation containing set rules and outcomes (Heap and Varoufakis, 2004). While used in a number of disciplines, game theory is most notably used as a tool within the study of economics. The economic application of game theory can be a valuable tool to aid the fundamental

Answer questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Answer questions - Essay Example Value based pricing focuses on the usability and value a product adds to the life of the consumer. Rather than fixing prices with the intention of covering the cost incurred in production of a product, a company fixes the price depending on the value it adds to the consumer’s life. Value can be measured in terms of increased efficiency in conducting business activities, improvement in general standards of living and other qualitative measures. Examples of businesses that use this strategy include software companies and producers of medical products. Being a computer and electronics company that seeks to solve the computing needs of our clients, we use the value that the product adds to the lives of our clients to determine how much it is worth. The company also produces a number of personalized software products for its clients. This is a good strategy because rather than concentrating on the metrics in terms of cost of coming up with a product, the company is more concerned with the utility that a client derives from it. It makes no sense for a customer to pay for a product just to cover the cost of producing it while it adds no value to his/her life. Traditional approaches of penetrating the market favor charging a low price for a product when a business enterprise is initially entering into a market niche. Chances are high that there were previously existing businesses on the market before it came in and therefore, charging lower prices may capture the attention of the target market. Once it has established a reliable customer base and gained ground in the market, it should take advantage of strategies such as increasing prices or large-scale production to boost profits. This is effective in countering competition especially because of the seemingly low profits. Skimming on the other hand favors charging high prices for products as they are being introduced into the market. The main aim

Lincoln - Greatest Man Of The 19th Century :: essays research papers

The man of the nineteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many historians argue that American culture is based on Civil War and its outcome. It is easy to agree with that statement, because one cannot even imagine living in a slave-owning society that would most definitely develop if the South had won. Abraham Lincoln, America’s sixteenth President was the most influential man of the war. He was responsible for mobilizing the North’s power, getting people, both Republicans and Democrats, to sympathize with the Union cause and consequently, winning the war. This is what makes Lincoln the most influential man of the nineteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lincoln was born into an â€Å"undistinguished family†. His parents died, when Lincoln was just a child, and he had to struggle greatly in order to get some education. Lincoln served as a captain in the Black Hawk War after which he continued with a law career. Lincoln spent eight years in the Illinois legislature. In 1858 Lincoln ran against Douglas in series of debates for Senator’s position. Although Lincoln lost, these debates won him the nomination of 1860. His greatest accomplishments were to come much later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Lincoln was inaugurated in 1861, he made it perfectly clear that the secession of the South was unconstitutional. He was willing to compromise with the South on the issue of slavery, the driving force behind South’s secession. Unfortunately, South was not interested in compromising. After the Fort Sumter was forced to surrender by the Confederate troops, Lincoln declared war. Since he was running a centralized government rather than the South that believed in states’ rights over central government, Lincoln was able to efficiently mobilize Union’s people and resources. That, of course, played an essential role in the final victory, and is one of Lincoln’s greatest accomplishments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The victory of the Union affects today’s society just as much, or maybe even more that the War for Independence. As mentioned, Civil War is the underlying event of American history and further formation of its culture. It is impossible to even conceive a society that would develop as a result of Confederate victory. Asides from being a slave owning and perhaps, a slave trading nation for many years, America would also lack a centralized government and much of its international power. No one knows how many years it would take for the Confederacy to abolish slavery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lincoln, on the other hand, abolished slavery in 1863 , two years after the beginning of the war.

Life lessons

3 Life Lessons Although there are many reasons that our souls come to earth, one of the main reasons I believe we come here is to learn a valuable lesson. If we did not learn this lesson through out a life time, our souls would come back to repeat the process. I believe I have learned a few lessons from my time here on earth. One lesson I have learned is to never take things or people for granted. At some point in our lives, we realize that we take things for granted, we take each other for granted.Meaning we get so comfortable in having certain things in our lives and ertain people around us. It is when we no longer have those things or people that we come to the realization that we have taken things for granted. It's natural to get comfortable. It's human nature. We can't help ourselves. It is wise to stop and think about the things we do have, instead of complaining about what we don't because one day, what you once had, how you once lived, who you once had in your life; will no l onger be there.People habituate affection and cripple the finest part of life. So appreciate everything while it is here. Be grateful, give thanks to God and above all, let those in your life today know that you care about them and that you are grateful they are in your life. Another life lesson I have learned is to not be afraid to make mistakes. Whenever we try anything new, we might make some mistakes. We can't possibly know everything that's going to happen when we try something new. Sometimes we Just have to try something before we can learn about it.Mistakes are a part of life. As Einstein said, the only people who don't make mistakes are those who don't try nything new. If there's something you have a burning desire to do, don't let the fear of making mistakes hold you back. We are not perfect. We are a mere blip on the timeline of existence. Life existed long before we came here and it will continue long after we're gone. You were only given one life to live and only you can make the most of it. No one else can make you take advantage of opportunity; it's up to you to muster the courage to embrace it.As my dad once taught me â€Å"If you want something ouVe never had, you must do something youVe never done. † The final lesson I've learned is to live life with no regrets. I learned this lesson through a song called â€Å"My Way† by Frank Sinatra. As we get older we learn and grow. But that doesn't mean we have to regret what we did before we learned how to do things differently. If we didn't go through those experiences we might not have grown into the strong and knowledgeable people we are today. Many people have heard of the saying â€Å"live today as it were your last.This saying holds true for everyone. When we get older we tend to reflect on what we have done through life and Judge ourselfs. No one wants to lie on their death bed and think about their past mistakes and wish their life had taken a different turn. Wouldn't we want to h ave a positive outlook on life? Those who lived life with no regrets live happier lives and obtain a higher level of wisdom. something it. The few lessons I have learned will never be forgotten. There are still many valuable lessons for me to learn and ill strive to find them.

The Ethics at Foxconn Apple Compuers - 4461 Words

Foxconn Technology Group’s Horrible Labor Issues Introduction/Overview Companies such as Apple, Dell, HP, IBM, and Sony outsource labor and hardware manufacturing to a company called Foxconn Technology Group. Foxconn Technology Group is a multinational business anchored in Shenzhen, China. Some of the typical hardware being manufactured are, motherboards, chipsets, smartphones, tablets, and laptops. The majority of the factories are in China, three in Europe, one in India, and four in Mexico. Currently there are contracts to expand and build a new factory in Brazil. I believe that there are many ethical problems related to this example; first, the general idea of outsourcing mass amounts of labor, and secondly the mistreatment of†¦show more content†¦The pictures were empty which doesn’t make sense if there are 450,000 employees. Also, smoking is a common pass time in the workplace in every country, where fellow employees talk, flirt, complain about their boss, and have a solid human interactional break. At Foxconn however, they smok e alone in the shadows with zero human interaction. Another large ethical problem that the vast majority of outsourcing companies have is the low salaries for employees. Most employees are migrant workers and aren’t eligible for in house health care or education benefits. To most workers, the current wage seems very high because they are migrants, but in reality they can’t afford to pay for health care or a future education. Even the mid level factory workers can’t afford to buy a single iPhone that they spend 12 hour days putting thousands of chips in, on the assembly line. Terry Gou, chairman and president of Foxconn discusses the future saying they are working on bringing the work to the people. Instead of having migrants come to the outskirts of China, Terry Gou wants to build condo type factories in the cities so people can be with their family and work at the same time. He thinks that this will have a positive change on suicide numbers and depression. The only interaction that the writer from wired.com saw throughout the entire day was a couple who were dating. They were talking at the END of the day after the main